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61.
A substituted donor–acceptor cyclobutenecarboxamide is synthesized with modest enantiocontrol through a chiral copper(I) complex catalyzed [3 + 1]-cycloaddition reaction of α-acyl diphenylsulfur ylides with 3-siloxy-2-diazo-3-butenamides. With a methyl substituent on the 4-position of the 3-butenamide, the cis-vicinal-3,4-disubstituted cyclobutenecarboxamide is formed with >20:1 diastereocontrol. Donor-acceptor 3-methyl-2-siloxycyclopropenecarboxamide is rapidly formed from the reactant enoldiazoamide and undergoes catalytic ring opening to give only the Z-γ-substituted metallo-enolcarbene. Elimination from 3-siloxy-2-diazo-3-pentenamide to form the conjugated 3-siloxy-2,4-pentadienamide is competitive but minimized at low temperature. 相似文献
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基于热弹塑性有限元法,采用ANSYS软件建立了网格疏密过渡的单箱五室钢箱梁壳单元模型;结合高效的分段移动热源,实现了对大型复杂长焊缝结构焊接全过程的数值模拟,并定性对比了宽幅钢箱梁在不同的环焊缝焊接顺序下顶板和底板的变形情况。分析结果表明:腹板焊缝的焊接顺序对竖向最大变形值(绝对值)的影响不大,其值主要取决于顶板和底板的焊接顺序;顶板和底板沿焊缝方向将会产生明显的"波浪变形",且整体外翘;中室所对应的顶板和底板沿焊缝方向的变形分别呈现出"M"形和"W"形;在垂直于焊缝的路径上,随着距焊缝中心线距离的增大,竖向变形整体减小;采用一定的焊接顺序,可有效调整钢箱梁顶板和底板焊缝附近"波浪变形"的变化幅度。以钢箱梁顶板焊缝中心线的线形为比选标准,确定的最优焊接顺序为先从外到内焊接腹板对接焊缝,再依次焊接顶板和底板对接焊缝。 相似文献
65.
Various theories of Quantum Gravity predict modifications of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle near the Planck scale to a so-called Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP). In some recent papers, we showed that the GUP gives rise to corrections to the Schrödinger equation, which in turn affect all quantum mechanical Hamiltonians. In particular, by applying it to a particle in a one-dimensional box, we showed that the box length must be quantized in terms of a fundamental length (which could be the Planck length), which we interpreted as a signal of fundamental discreteness of space itself. In this Letter, we extend the above results to a relativistic particle in a rectangular as well as a spherical box, by solving the GUP-corrected Klein–Gordon and Dirac equations, and for the latter, to two and three dimensions. We again arrive at quantization of box length, area and volume and an indication of the fundamentally grainy nature of space. We discuss possible implications. 相似文献
66.
Although evolutionary algorithms (EAs) have some operators which let them explore the whole search domain, still they get trapped in local minima when multimodality of the objective function is increased. To improve the performance of EAs, many optimization techniques or operators have been introduced in recent years. However, it seems that these modified versions exploit some special properties of the classical multimodal benchmark functions, some of which have been noted in previous research and solutions to eliminate them have been proposed.In this article, we show that quite symmetric behavior of the available multimodal test functions is another example of these special properties which can be exploited by some EAs such as covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES). This method, based on its invariance properties and good optimization results for available unimodal and multimodal benchmark functions, is considered as a robust and efficient method. However, as far as black box optimization problems are considered, no special trend in the behavior of the objective function can be assumed; consequently this symmetry limits the generalization of optimization results from available multimodal benchmark functions to real world problems. To improve the performance of CMA-ES, the Elite search sub-algorithm is introduced and implemented in the basic algorithm. Importance and effect of this modification is illustrated experimentally by dissolving some test problems in the end. 相似文献
67.
The three dimensional structure of Ferric uptake regulation protein dimer from E. coli, determined by molecular modeling, was docked on a DNA fragment (iron box) and Zn2+ ions were added in two steps. The first step involved the binding of one Zn2+ ion to what is known as the zinc site which consists of the residues Cys 92, Cys 95, Asp 137, Asp141, Arg139, Glu 140, His
145 and His 143 with an average metal-Nitrogen distance of 2.5 Å and metal-oxygen distance of 3.1–3.2 Å. The second Zn2+ ion is bound to the iron activating site formed from the residues Ile 50, His 71, Asn 72, Gly 97, Asp 105 and Ala 109. The
binding of the second Zn2+ ion strengthened the binding of the first ion as indicated by the shortening of the zinc-residue distances. Fe2+, when added to the complex consisting of 2Zn2+/Fur dimer/DNA, replaced the Zn2+ ion in the zinc site and when a second Fe2+ was added, it replaced the second zinc ion in the iron activating site. The binding of both zinc and iron ions induced a
similar change in Fur conformations, but shifted residues closer to DNA in a different manner. This is discussed along with
a possible role for the Zn2+ ion in the Fur dimer binding of DNA in its repressor activity.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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为了揭示中墩斜支承对连续箱梁力学性能的影响,本文考虑约束扭转和竖向挠曲耦合作用,建立了斜支承连续箱梁的力法方程,并获得了内力和变形的解析式.选取斜支承两跨连续箱梁为数值算例,分别计算了竖向对称和偏心均布荷载作用下的内力和变形,并用ANSYS软件计算了控制截面的弯矩.计算结果表明,本文方法计算的弯矩与ANSYS计算值吻合... 相似文献
70.
This paper presents the analytical and simulation responses of the closed orbit distortion in the SSRF storage ring to random and plane wave like magnet vibrations respectively. It is shown that the use of girder is very beneficial in the view of suppressing this response function. Effect of the independently supported gradient bending magnets to the closed orbit response is given. An analytic formula is written to give a rough estimate of the closed orbit distortion due to ground motion, taking into account the closed orbit response function and girder transfer function. As an example, the result of SSRF case is given. 相似文献